A pressure sensor (Pressure Transducer) is a device or device that can sense pressure signals and convert them into usable output electrical signals in accordance with certain rules.
The pressure sensor usually consists of a pressure sensitive element and a signal processing unit. According to different test pressure types, pressure sensors can be divided into gauge pressure sensors, differential pressure sensors and absolute pressure sensors.
The pressure sensor is the most commonly used sensor in industrial practice. It is widely used in various industrial automatic control environments, including water conservancy and hydropower, railway transportation, intelligent buildings, production automatic control, aerospace, military industry, petrochemical, oil wells, power, ships, and machine tools. , Pipelines and many other industries, the following briefly introduces some common sensor principles and their applications. Another medical pressure sensor.
Heavy-duty pressure sensors are one of the sensors, but we have rarely heard of such pressure sensors, which are commonly used in transportation applications by monitoring pneumatics, light-load hydraulics, brake pressures, oil pressures, transmissions, and The pressure, hydraulic power, flow and liquid level of key systems such as truck/trailer airlocks are used to maintain the performance of heavy-duty equipment.
The heavy-duty pressure sensor is a pressure measuring device with a housing, a metal pressure interface, and a high-level signal output. Many sensors are equipped with a round metal or plastic housing, which is cylindrical in appearance, with a pressure port on one end and a cable or connector on the other end. This type of heavy-duty pressure sensor is often used in extreme temperatures and electromagnetic interference environments. Customers in the industrial and transportation fields use pressure sensors in the control system to achieve pressure measurement and monitoring of fluids such as coolant or lubricants. At the same time, it can also detect pressure spike feedback in time, find problems such as system blockages, and find immediate solutions.
Heavy-duty pressure sensors have been evolving. In order for heavy-duty pressure sensors to be used in more complex control systems, design engineers must increase the accuracy of the sensors while reducing costs for practical applications.
The main function and principle of pressure sensor
The piezoelectric materials mainly used in piezoelectric sensors include quartz, potassium sodium tartrate and dihydrogen phosphate. Among them, quartz (silica) is a natural crystal. The piezoelectric effect is found in this crystal. Within a certain temperature range, piezoelectric properties always exist, but after the temperature exceeds this range, the piezoelectric properties are completely Disappear (this high temperature is called the "Curie point"). Since the electric field changes little with the change of stress (that is, the piezoelectric coefficient is relatively low), quartz is gradually replaced by other piezoelectric crystals. Potassium sodium tartrate has great piezoelectric sensitivity and piezoelectric coefficient, but it can only be used in environments with relatively low room temperature and low humidity. Dihydrogen phosphate is an artificial crystal that can withstand high temperatures and relatively high humidity, so it has been widely used.
The piezoelectric effect is now also applied to polycrystals, such as current piezoelectric ceramics, including barium titanate piezoelectric ceramics, PZT, niobate-based piezoelectric ceramics, lead niobate piezoelectric ceramics, and so on.
The piezoelectric effect is the main working principle of the piezoelectric sensor. The piezoelectric sensor cannot be used for static measurement, because the charge after external force is only saved when the loop has an infinite input impedance. The actual situation is not the case, so this determines that the piezoelectric sensor can only measure dynamic stress. Piezoelectric sensors are mainly used in the measurement of acceleration, pressure and force.
Piezoelectric acceleration sensor is a commonly used accelerometer. It has the characteristics of simple structure, small size, light weight and long service life. Piezoelectric acceleration sensors have been widely used in the measurement of vibration and shock in airplanes, automobiles, ships, bridges and buildings, especially in the aviation and aerospace fields. Piezoelectric sensors can also be used to measure the combustion pressure inside the engine and the vacuum. It can also be used in the military industry. For example, it can be used to measure the change in the pressure of the gun and the shock wave pressure of the muzzle at the instant when the gun bullet fires in the bore. It can be used to measure both large and small pressures. Piezoelectric sensors are also widely used in biomedical measurement. For example, ventricular catheter microphones are made of piezoelectric sensors. Because the measurement of dynamic pressure is so common, the application of piezoelectric sensors is very wide.
In addition to piezoelectric sensors, there are also piezoresistive sensors manufactured using the piezoresistive effect, strain sensors using strain effects, etc. These different pressure sensors use different effects and different materials to be able to exert them in different occasions Unique use.
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